┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    BLOCKCHAIN TESTING PYRAMID                               │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│                          ┌─────────────────┐                               │
│                          │   Manual /      │                               │
│                          │   User Tests    │                               │
│                          │   (Exploratory) │                               │
│                          └────────┬────────┘                               │
│                                   │                                         │
│                          ┌────────┴────────┐                               │
│                          │  Security /     │                               │
│                          │  Performance    │                               │
│                          │  (Audits, Fuzz) │                               │
│                          └────────┬────────┘                               │
│                                   │                                         │
│                          ┌────────┴────────┐                               │
│                          │  Integration    │                               │
│                          │  Tests (Contract│                               │
│                          │  Interactions)  │                               │
│                          └────────┬────────┘                               │
│                                   │                                         │
│                          ┌────────┴────────┐                               │
│                          │    Unit Tests   │                               │
│                          │   (Functions)   │                               │
│                          └─────────────────┘                               │
│                                                                             │
│  Key Principle: More tests at the bottom (unit), fewer at the top (manual) │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                    QUALITY ASSURANCE PROCESS                                │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│  1. CODE REVIEW                                                           │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ • Peer review of code                                               │   │
│  │ • Check for best practices                                          │   │
│  │ • Identify potential issues                                         │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                    │                                        │
│                                    v                                        │
│  2. AUTOMATED TESTING                                                      │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ • Run unit tests                                                    │   │
│  │ • Run integration tests                                            │   │
│  │ • Check coverage                                                    │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                    │                                        │
│                                    v                                        │
│  3. SECURITY ANALYSIS                                                      │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ • Run static analysis                                               │   │
│  │ • Run fuzzing                                                       │   │
│  │ • Formal verification (if applicable)                              │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                    │                                        │
│                                    v                                        │
│  4. MANUAL REVIEW                                                          │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ • Manual code walkthrough                                          │   │
│  │ • Security audit                                                   │   │
│  │ • User acceptance testing                                           │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                    │                                        │
│                                    v                                        │
│  5. TESTNET DEPLOYMENT                                                    │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ • Deploy to testnet                                                │   │
│  │ • Validate in production-like environment                          │   │
│  │ • Gather feedback                                                  │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

# ===================================================================
# MODULE 10, LESSON 5: TESTING AND VALIDATION
# ===================================================================

import random
import time
from typing import Dict, List, Tuple
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import warnings
warnings.filterwarnings('ignore')

print("="*70)
print("TESTING AND VALIDATION")
print("="*70)

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# PART A: TESTING FRAMEWORK SIMULATION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

print("\n" + "-"*60)
print("PART A: Testing Framework Simulation")
print("-"*60)

class TestFramework:
    """
    Simulated testing framework for smart contracts.
    """
    def __init__(self):
        self.tests = []
        self.results = []
    
    def add_test(self, name: str, test_type: str, description: str):
        self.tests.append({
            'name': name,
            'type': test_type,  # 'unit', 'integration', 'security', 'performance'
            'description': description
        })
    
    def run_all_tests(self) -> List[Dict]:
        """Run all tests and return results."""
        results = []
        for test in self.tests:
            # Simulate test execution
            passed = random.random() > 0.15
            if test['type'] == 'security':
                passed = random.random() > 0.25
            results.append({
                'name': test['name'],
                'type': test['type'],
                'passed': passed,
                'duration': random.uniform(0.1, 2.0)
            })
        self.results = results
        return results
    
    def get_summary(self) -> Dict:
        total = len(self.results)
        passed = len([r for r in self.results if r['passed']])
        failed = total - passed
        
        by_type = {}
        for r in self.results:
            if r['type'] not in by_type:
                by_type[r['type']] = {'total': 0, 'passed': 0}
            by_type[r['type']]['total'] += 1
            if r['passed']:
                by_type[r['type']]['passed'] += 1
        
        return {
            'total_tests': total,
            'passed': passed,
            'failed': failed,
            'pass_rate': passed / total if total > 0 else 0,
            'by_type': by_type
        }

# Create and run tests
framework = TestFramework()

# Add tests
tests_data = [
    ('Transfer with sufficient balance', 'unit', 'Successful transfer'),
    ('Transfer with insufficient balance', 'unit', 'Transfer fails correctly'),
    ('Mint tokens', 'unit', 'Mint new tokens'),
    ('Burn tokens', 'unit', 'Burn existing tokens'),
    ('Exchange interaction', 'integration', 'Token exchange interaction'),
    ('Oracle price feed', 'integration', 'Price feed integration'),
    ('Governance vote', 'integration', 'Governance voting'),
    ('Reentrancy protection', 'security', 'No reentrancy'),
    ('Access control', 'security', 'Proper access control'),
    ('Gas optimisation', 'performance', 'Gas usage within limits'),
    ('Large transaction handling', 'performance', 'Handles large transactions')
]

for name, test_type, description in tests_data:
    framework.add_test(name, test_type, description)

# Run tests
print("Running tests...")
results = framework.run_all_tests()

# Get summary
summary = framework.get_summary()
print(f"\nTest Summary:")
print(f"  Total Tests: {summary['total_tests']}")
print(f"  Passed: {summary['passed']}")
print(f"  Failed: {summary['failed']}")
print(f"  Pass Rate: {summary['pass_rate']:.1%}")

print("\nResults by Test Type:")
for test_type, stats in summary['by_type'].items():
    rate = stats['passed'] / stats['total'] if stats['total'] > 0 else 0
    print(f"  {test_type.capitalize()}: {stats['passed']}/{stats['total']} ({rate:.0%})")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# PART B: COVERAGE ANALYSIS SIMULATION
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

print("\n" + "-"*60)
print("PART B: Coverage Analysis Simulation")
print("-"*60)

class CoverageSimulator:
    """
    Simulated test coverage analysis.
    """
    def __init__(self, lines: int = 1000):
        self.lines = lines
        self.coverage = {}
        self.results = {}
    
    def add_file(self, name: str, lines: int, covered: int):
        self.coverage[name] = {'total': lines, 'covered': covered}
    
    def calculate_coverage(self) -> Dict:
        """Calculate coverage metrics."""
        total_lines = 0
        total_covered = 0
        file_results = {}
        
        for file_name, data in self.coverage.items():
            pct = data['covered'] / data['total'] if data['total'] > 0 else 0
            total_lines += data['total']
            total_covered += data['covered']
            file_results[file_name] = {
                'total': data['total'],
                'covered': data['covered'],
                'coverage': pct
            }
        
        return {
            'total_lines': total_lines,
            'total_covered': total_covered,
            'overall_coverage': total_covered / total_lines if total_lines > 0 else 0,
            'file_results': file_results
        }

# Create coverage simulation
coverage = CoverageSimulator()

# Add files
coverage.add_file('Token.sol', 200, 185)
coverage.add_file('LendingPool.sol', 350, 300)
coverage.add_file('Governance.sol', 250, 210)
coverage.add_file('PriceOracle.sol', 150, 130)
coverage.add_file('Vault.sol', 300, 260)

# Calculate coverage
coverage_results = coverage.calculate_coverage()

print("Coverage Analysis:")
print(f"Overall Coverage: {coverage_results['overall_coverage']:.1%}")
print(f"Total Lines: {coverage_results['total_lines']}")
print(f"Covered Lines: {coverage_results['total_covered']}")

print("\nFile Coverage:")
for file_name, data in coverage_results['file_results'].items():
    status = "✅" if data['coverage'] > 0.85 else "⚠️" if data['coverage'] > 0.7 else "❌"
    print(f"  {status} {file_name}: {data['coverage']:.1%} ({data['covered']}/{data['total']})")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# PART C: TESTING STRATEGY CHECKLIST
# ----------------------------------------------------------------

print("\n" + "-"*60)
print("PART C: Testing Strategy Checklist")
print("-"*60)

testing_checklist = {
    "Unit Testing": [
        "All functions tested",
        "Edge cases covered",
        "Error paths tested",
        "State changes verified",
        "Events verified"
    ],
    "Integration Testing": [
        "Contract interactions tested",
        "Dependencies verified",
        "Cross-contract calls tested",
        "Upgrade path tested"
    ],
    "Security Testing": [
        "Static analysis completed",
        "Fuzzing conducted",
        "Reentrancy tests passed",
        "Access control verified",
        "Oracle manipulation tested"
    ],
    "Performance Testing": [
        "Gas usage measured",
        "Optimisation applied",
        "Large transactions tested",
        "Stress testing completed"
    ],
    "User Acceptance": [
        "Testnet deployment verified",
        "User feedback collected",
        "UX issues addressed",
        "Documentation validated"
    ]
}

for category, items in testing_checklist.items():
    print(f"\n{category.upper()}:")
    for item in items:
        print(f"  □ {item}")

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# PART D: TESTING TOOLS COMPARISON
# -----------------------------------------------------------------

print("\n" + "-"*60)
print("PART D: Testing Tools Comparison")
print("-"*60)

tools_data = {
    'Tool': ['Hardhat', 'Foundry', 'Truffle', 'Echidna', 'Slither', 'Mythril'],
    'Type': ['Framework', 'Framework', 'Framework', 'Fuzzing', 'Static Analysis', 'Security Analysis'],
    'Unit Testing': ['Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'Limited', 'No', 'Limited'],
    'Integration Testing': ['Yes', 'Yes', 'Yes', 'No', 'No', 'No'],
    'Fuzzing': ['Limited', 'Yes', 'Limited', 'Yes', 'No', 'No'],
    'Gas Analysis': ['Yes', 'Yes', 'Limited', 'No', 'Yes', 'No'],
    'Ease of Use': ['High', 'Medium', 'High', 'Medium', 'Medium', 'Medium']
}

tools_df = pd.DataFrame(tools_data)
print(tools_df.to_string(index=False))

# ----------------------------------------------------------------
# PART E: SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS
# -----------------------------------------------------------------

print("\n" + "="*70)
print("PART E: Summary and Recommendations")
print("="*70)

print("""
Testing and Validation – Key Takeaways:

1. Testing pyramid: unit → integration → security → performance → manual.
2. Unit tests: individual functions, edge cases, error paths.
3. Integration tests: contract interactions, dependencies.
4. Security tests: reentrancy, access control, oracle manipulation, fuzzing.
5. Coverage targets: 90% line, 85% branch, 95% function.
6. Tools: Hardhat, Foundry, Truffle, Echidna, Slither, Mythril.
7. Validation: functional, security, performance, UX, compliance.

Testing Checklist:
  - Write comprehensive unit tests.
  - Test integration between contracts.
  - Conduct security testing (fuzzing, static analysis).
  - Measure and improve test coverage.
  - Deploy to testnet for validation.
  - Gather user feedback.

Recommendations:
  - Start testing early in development.
  - Maintain high test coverage.
  - Use multiple testing tools.
  - Conduct security audits.
  - Test on testnet before mainnet.
  - Document testing results.
""")